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Sediment, scale, biofilm and corrosion do not all develop in the same way. Understanding how they form can help you recognise why a tank may need attention, and why visible signs are not the whole picture.

A chlorination certificate is the written record that a water system was disinfected on a stated date, by a stated method, to a recognised standard. It is the document a water authority, building control officer, principal contractor, insurer or auditor asks to see.

Chlorination is the controlled disinfection of a water system with a chlorine-based solution. It is arranged when pipework or storage has been installed, opened up, left standing, or shown a problem, and it is documented so the result can be shown to whoever asks for it.

A Legionella risk assessment helps property owners, landlords and businesses understand potential risks within their hot and cold water systems and establish appropriate control measures. From temperature monitoring and identifying stagnant water to inspecting tanks, maintaining showers and addressing plumbing issues, a thorough assessment considers how the entire system operates. Regular reviews, accurate records and timely remedial action can help maintain effective water hygiene and reduce potential Legionella risks. Professional risk assessments and water hygiene services can provide practical support for properties of all sizes.

Legionella bacteria can develop in hot and cold water systems when conditions such as poor temperature control, stagnant water, scale, sediment and biofilms allow them to multiply. Homeowners, landlords and businesses can reduce the risk by maintaining appropriate water temperatures, regularly flushing infrequently used outlets, inspecting tanks and cylinders, and keeping showers and plumbing systems clean and well maintained.

Landlords and commercial property owners have an important role in managing Legionella risks within hot and cold water systems. Stagnant water, poor temperature control, dirty storage tanks, scale and poorly maintained showers can create conditions that allow Legionella bacteria to multiply. Effective prevention involves understanding the water system, monitoring temperatures, flushing infrequently used outlets, maintaining tanks and showers, keeping accurate records and addressing problems promptly. A professional Legionella risk assessment and water hygiene programme can help identify potential risks and determine the appropriate control measures.

New pipework does not automatically mean every connected part of a water system needs the same treatment. Learn what affects the scope and timing of chlorination.